2017沙坪坝区教育事业单位教师招聘考试《小学英语》考试真题答案解析

根据下面资料，回答{TSE}题

I´ve often wondered how exactly sleep, or lack of it, can have such an awful effect on our bodies and, guess what, how much we sleep switches good genes on and bad genes off.

In the first half of 2013, the Sleep Research Centre at the University of Surrey found a direct link between hours spent sleeping and genes. Every cell in our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook. However, each cell only “reads” the part of this handbook it needs at any given moment.

Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions? It´s a question asked by Professor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey. He set up an experiment and asked his volunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and the next sleeping six and a half to seven hours.

Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in blood cells were being used during the long and short nights. The results were rather surprising. Several hundred genes changed in the amount they were being used, including some that are linked to heart disease, cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much less.

Sleep restriction (six and a half to seven hours a night) changed 380 genes. Of these,220 genes were down regulated (their power was reduced), while 160 were up regulated (their power was increased). Those affected included body-clock genes which are linked to diabetes. One of the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insulin and is linked to diabetes and insomnia. The most upgraded gene is linked to heart disease.

So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our health and the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little.

The important message is that getting close to eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramatic difference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes.

{TS}What kind of relation is directly discussed in the passage?

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In New York, Ma Yun witnessed the Alibaba Group opening on the New York stock exchange with the largest initial public offering (IPO, 新股发行) in American history. “Alibaba, the world´s largest Internet commerce company makes China equal to the US in the rapidly increasing global competition for technological innovation and economic transformation” commented the South China Morning Post.

It has also made Ma China´s richest man with a fortune of around $25 billion (153 billion yuan), reported Reuters.

It´ s reported that Ma´ s rags-to-riches journey is just as spectacular as his Internet Empire. Ma failed the national college entrance exams twice before he was finally in Hangzhou Normal University on his third attempt and failed in finding a suitable job several times. Also, Mr. Ma is a big believer in perseverance, which was proved in his English study experience.

However, it was his vision and goals that launched his career.

During a short trip to the US as an interpreter in 1995, Ma first experienced the Internet. He believed in the Internet’s business potential when few other Chinese people did. He started Alibaba in his Hangzhou apartment, with 17 friends and $60,000 of funds. At the time, when e-commerce was unheard of in China, ”
I called myself a blind man riding on the back of blind tigers,” he once said, according to The Guardian. His unusual ideas earned him the nickname “Crazy Jack Ma”.

Indeed, Ma is different. Although he is very thin and about 160cm tall, “Ma is yet animated and forceful,” said The Guardian. “He is funny, creative, and a compelling speaker.”

Ma told Time magazine that he was “old for the Internet”.He started to slow down and looked around. According to The Wall Street Journal, Ma “plans to open a tai chi club with the actor Jet Li, build an entrepreneur university in Hangzhou and continue to work on several environmental projects.”

{TS}What made him into e-commerce industry?

根据下面资料，回答{TSE}题

Summer Camps for Teenagers

There are many types of summer camps for teenagers to attend. They´re a great way for teens to make friends and learn valuable lessons about life. If you´re seeking a good summer camp to attend, the first thing you should do is decide what type of camp would be most suitable to your interests and goals.

Traditional Camps

When you just want the sort of camp in classic films, a traditional overnight camp might be just what you need to grow, learn, and relax this coming summer. These sorts of camps offer more vigorous outdoors activities, yet often allow campers to customize their camping experiences.

Chewonki Camp

As one of the best summer camps in the country by Boston Magazine, this camp aims to help teens learn about natural history and ecology, and the campers get treats like sailing trips and hiking excursions, besides formal instruction in such things as kayaking, swimming, field sports, and photography.

Camp Wicosuta

As a top-rated, traditional four-week sleep away camp especially for young ladies, Camp Wicosuta has more than 30 different activities to help teens learn to cook and wash themselves, which aim to help young girls focus on building their self-confidence.

Academic Camps

Many teens like to advance their education during the summer months while also having fun.There are hundreds of academic camps for them to choose from that specialize in various academic subjects like journalism, languages, law, computers, and sciences.

{TS}You should decide what camp to attend according to ___________.

根据下面资料，回答{TSE}题

German Prime Minister Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his
11 and diplomatic talent, but his contributions to the society include many of today´s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations,

12 an unusual outbreak of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing

13
. Motivated in part by Christian sympathy for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to get the created of the socialist labor movement, Bismarck


14

the world´ s first worker´ s compensation law in 1884.

By 1908, the United States was the
15 industrial nation in the world that lacked workers´ compensation insurance. American´s injured workers could seek compensation in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers.
16
, employees had to prove that their injuries directly


17
employer´s lack of care and they themselves were ignorant about potential danger in the workplace. The first state workers´ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon


18
throughout the nation.

After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not


19

the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers´ compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations,

20 one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states´ average weekly wages.

{TS}第（11）题选

根据下面资料，回答{TSE}题

Almost everyone suffers from a headache

21 (occasional). But some people suffer from repeated, frequent headaches.

What is headache? What causes it? What can you do about a headache? What research is being done on headaches? The dictionary defines headache simply

22 “a pain in the head”
.

23
most people mean by headache


24 (be) a pain that lasts several minutes or hours. It covers the whole head, or one side of it, or perhaps the front or the back of the head. To add to the confusion about a definition, some people call tight feeling in the head a headache.

A headache is important because

25 can be the first warning of a serious condition which probably could be controlled


26
discovered early. If a person
27 (remove) the warning, day after day, with a pain-killer, he may pass the point of easy control.

A headache is important also because it disturbs people,

28 (prevent) them from living a happy life. The


29
(employ) with a headache does less work. In a flash of temper he may upset his fellow


30

(guy) or customers, causing a direct or indirect loss to his organization. The mother with a headache suffers and disturbs the family. She upsets her husband and children.

{TS}第（21）题答案

根据下面资料，回答{TSE}题

Last week, when we learned the new word “slovenly”, we asked to make a sentence with it. I volunteered to do it by saying “My deskmate is a slovenly girl who clothes never fit her.” Hearing this, a whole class burst into laughter and my deskmate face turned red. After class, I learned up from the teacher that my deskmate would have dropped out of school if she hadn´ t been helped with others. My mindless words must have hurt him deeply. Not until then do I realize words could be powerfully in both positive and negative ways. We should avoid hurt others if our words are not encouraging.

{TS}第一处

driver doctor

T：What’s your mother’s job?

S：My mother’s job is a doctor．

根据上述教学材料，用英语简述教学目标(6分)、教学重难点(4分)、词汇教学的主要步骤(16分)及其设计意图(4分)。

注：设计意图可用中文表达。