2019年江苏省镇江市扬中市英语笔考试真题答案解析



一、单项选择题。本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分。

1

The government ______ criticism by holding a public enquiry into the matter which had made the headlines the day before yesterday.

A、indicated
B、identified
C、anticipated
D、advocated

2

—What is your impression of your former colleague Tom?     

—He is kind and helpful, and he ______ give us a hand at work.

A、must
B、would
C、may
D、should

3

It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios ______ after 11 o’clock at night.

A、are not played
B、not be played
C、not to play
D、did not play

4

Was it from Libya ______ wars suddenly broke out ______ we managed to rescue the Chinese working staff?

A、that; where
B、which; that
C、where; that
D、where; which

5

After ______ seemed a hopeless wait, four coal miners trapped in the mine for 125 hours were finally rescued in Heilongjiang Province.

A、when
B、that
C、it
D、what

6

The newly-built café, the walls of ______ being painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after the hard work.

A、that
B、it
C、what
D、which

7

______, the students remain optimistic and try hard to achieve their goals.

A、As they are faced with fierce pressure
B、As fierce pressure that they are faced with
C、Fierce as they are faced with pressure
D、Faced with fierce pressure as they are

8

I remember when I was a child ______ with how many toys my cousin had.

A、impressing
B、to impress
C、being impressed
D、impressed

9

What you do not want ______ to yourself, do not do to others.

A、doing
B、done
C、being done
D、having done

10

In his speech to the business leaders, Xi urged the international community to ______the right direction of world economy and work out an efficient global governance system.

A、make allowance for
B、hold on to
C、push ahead with
D、catch up on

二、完形填空。本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分。

(一)

Last year, I heard about the Himalayas and the melting of the ice because of climate change. I decided to do a 11 swim underneath Mt. Everest, the highest mountain on this earth.

When we got up to the small lake underneath the summit of Mt. Everest, I prepared myself in 12 ways. I put on my iPod, listened to some music, got myself as 13 as possible and then I 14 myself into that water. I swam as 15 as I could for the first hundred meters. Afterwards I 16 the huge problem on my hands. My fingers were 17 the size of sausages because—you know, we’re made partially of water—when water freezes it 18 . I then could barely breathe, began to 19 and even threw up in the water. It all happened so quickly. I don’t know why, but I went 20 . Luckily, the water was quite shallow, and I was able to push myself 21 the bottom of the lake. I’ve heard it said that drowning is the most 22 death you can have. I have never, ever heard such nonsense.

In our camp, I 23 about what had gone wrong there on Mt. Everest with my crew. My team just gave it to me 24 . “Lewis, you need to have a complete 25 if you want to 26 it. We want you to take some time to rest thinking about things instead of swimming fast and remember, never ever swim with aggression. Every single thing you’ve learned in the past 23 years of swimming, you must 27 . And also the every single thing you learned when you were 28 in the British army, about speed and aggression. This is the time to swim with real 29 .”

I can’t tell how good and 30 I felt when I swam to the other side two days later. But I learned a very, very important lesson there on Mt. Everest: just because something worked in the past so well, it doesn’t mean it’s going to work in the future.

11

11.

A、passionate
B、symbolic
C、creative
D、remarkable

12

12

A、different
B、simple
C、common
D、usual

13

13.

A、aggressive
B、optimistic
C、protective
D、energetic

14

14.

A、put
B、threw
C、walked
D、tried

15

15.

A、carefully
B、quickly
C、slowly
D、deeply

16

16.

A、realized
B、touched
C、solved
D、caused

17

17.

A、hardly
B、exactly
C、mostly
D、likely

18

18.

A、freezes
B、swells
C、expands
D、squeezes

19

19.

A、choke
B、weep
C、swallow
D、drink

20

20.

A、underwater
B、floating
C、ahead
D、slower

21

21.

A、towards
B、off
C、at
D、from

22

22.

A、regretful
B、helpful
C、merciful
D、peaceful

23

23.

A、debated
B、talked
C、worried
D、complained

24

24.

A、fast
B、direct
C、straight
D、forward

25

25.

A、learning
B、understanding
C、preparation
D、shift

26

26.

A、use
B、take
C、make
D、keep

27

27.

A、remember
B、insist
C、exploit
D、forget

28

28.

A、swimming
B、serving
C、training
D、fighting

29

29.

A、respect
B、intelligence
C、imagination
D、ambition

30

30.

A、hopeful
B、skillful
C、painful
D、thankful

三、阅读理解。本大题共15小题,每小题2分,共30分。

(二)

A

Interested in playing racing games? Read on for information about the Motocross Bikeway DLX Game.

Five Modes of Play

Tyro—This is a great place to begin as you blaze your way through remote outdoor areas with few difficult challenges.

Flex—This intermediate course has you ride several different bikes and perform sixteen exciting stunt.

Hurdle—This advanced course has many obstacles to overcome. The course winds through heavily populated areas. Speed is not the only way to run this course.

Endurance—This advanced track is set up to challenge the rider. It twists, turns, and offers extreme challenges.

Super-Moto—This is the most difficult course that puts all your skills to the test. Accurate speed calculations and perfect performance of every jump are crucial to gaining the victory.

Paying the Game

1.Press the ON/OFF button a fanfare plays.

2.Choose PRACTICE or one of the five PLAY MODES. Your choice appears on the small upper screen.

3.Press START to begin a new game.

4.Twist the R HANDLEBAR to increase your speed. The indicator will light up showing your current speed the time used, and your place in relation to the other racers.

5.If a caution sign flashes, prepare to turn around an obstacle. Use the R HANDLEBAR to decrease your speed and the L HANDLEBAR to control your bike around the obstacle.

6.If you finish the course faster than previously, your record time will appear in the small upper window. It will reappear at the start of each game until you break your current record.

7.When finishing, center the handlebars wait for the concluding fanfare and press the ON/OFF button.

31

Which of the following is covered in the Five Modes of play section?(  )

A、The type of challenges racers face in the Tyro mode.
B、The type of bikes racers can use in the Super-Moto mode.
C、The number of stunts racers should do in the Flex mode.
D、The number of obstacles racers need overcome in the Hurdle mode.

32

What can we learn from “Playing the Game”?(  )

A、Record time always appears when the game begins and ends.
B、The small upper window will show all your previous records.
C、A flashing caution sign warns you another racer is ahead.
D、The R HANDLEBAR is actually an accelerating device.

(三)

B

Places like these are where most of the world’s plastics end up in landfills and a fair amount of it ends up in the world’s oceans. But a new British recycling firm wants it to end up here.

There is a great demand right now for recycled material. There’s a great deal of interest in getting recycling into the plastics industry specially, and so we are really going to facilitate the ability to get plastic into the circular economy.

The firm called Recycling Technologies is breaking down plastic, then turning it into fuel oils or feedstock to make new plastics. Basically, currently all we do is we make a hydrocarbon soup and then we distill that out at different temperatures, so the higher temperatures, the waxes separate out, then we cool it a bit more, and the heavy oils then we call it, a bit more the light oils, and then the rest comes out. It’s naphtha, the gases that don’t condense out. We actually uses the fuel for the process. 

Their process is creating a heavy fuel oil that works for marine vessels. We call it a clean crude, because it has very little sulfur in it, in fact almost none, which certainly also fits with the new regulations for marine fill, where they’re asking for much lower sulfur around the world. So it’s a very valuable product.

Right now the firm is recycling about 7,000 tons of plastic a year, but says it can quickly ramp up. We are designing to a four-day installation. We will basically come in six ice-free containers which will stand on end, clip together, and we plug in play mode and the intent is to be up and running within four days. So this is definitely not a refinery concept.

This is much more a piece of stand-alone industrial equipment. The company has set the ambitious goal of selling 1,300 of their recycling units around the world during the next decade, and expect they will be able to recycle 9 million tons of plastic each year.

33

What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on?(  )

A、The future of the recycling firm.
B、The process of recycling plastic.
C、The advantage of recycled plastic.
D、The concept of circular economy.

34

Which of the following descriptions about Recycling Technologies is true?(  )

A、It is more of a conventional technical company.
B、It is recycling plastic buried on land or in oceans.
C、It has sold 1,300 recycling units worldwide so far.
D、It is innovating the traditional way to deal with plastic.

35

It can be inferred that the heavy fuel oil recycled from plastic is ______.

A、a kind of worthless product
B、cheaper than traditional oil
C、friendly to the environment
D、mainly used for ocean ships

(四)

C

The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine see s to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.

Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effects”, a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.

Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”

George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”

On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.

The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life。

Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear…that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”

36

From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ______.

A、doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain
B、it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives
C、the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide
D、patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide

37

Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

A、Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’ death.
B、Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.
C、The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.
D、A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.

38

Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (Line 3, Paragraph 7)?

A、Bold.
B、Harmful.
C、Careless
D、Desperate

39

George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ______.

A、manage their patients incompetently
B、give patients more medicine than needed
C、reduce drug dosages for their patients
D、prolong the needless suffering of the patients

(五)

D

David Feng is not a train worker or a frequent business traveler. However, in the first five months of 2018, he made 166 train journeys, traveling 53,000 kilometers across China.

The Chinese-Swiss train aficionado ( 酷爱者 ) has become an online celebrity for his live￾streaming ( 网络直播 ) of Chinese railway lines, stations and trains of various kinds.

Over the past decade, Feng has visited over 2,300 Chinese railway stations out of the more than 3,000 spread across the country. And he is now making a documentary called Next Station: China, where he plans to capture more than 2,200 stations around the country. So far, he has filmed more than 300 stations.

Feng, who was born in 1982 and grew up in Switzerland, completed his undergraduate master’s and doctor’s degrees in broadcasting and communications in China, and is now an associate professor at the Communication University of China.

His interest in China’s railway system began 10 years ago when he first took the Beijing￾Tianjin intercity train, China’s first high-speed railway line opened on August 1, 2008. The train’s top speed of over 300 km per hour surprised him, as it was 50 percent faster than the trains he took in Germany. “It was like stepping into the 22nd century,” he recalls.

Since then, Feng has taken numerous trains in China and posted what he saw and thought on websites. “China’s railway system is wonderful, and there is nothing wrong with singing high praise for it”, he says.

China had 25,000 km of high-speed railway lines by the end of 2017, accounting for 66 percent of the world’s total.

So far, Feng has livestreamed in English to netizens ( 网民 ) all around the world, on topics ranging from the opening ceremonies of new high-speed railway lines to the Spring Festival travel rush, the world’s largest seasonal migration. His broadcasts have drawn the attention of netizens from Asia, Europe and the United States. “An Indian netizen said the new high-speed railway stations in China are like airports, calling them ‘railports’”, Feng says.

He also likes correcting the English translations at stations. “Chinese high-speed railways 

use the best trains, so naturally, they should use correct English too,” he says.

He once saw a ticket machine with a sign that said “buffet ticket office”, and a ticket counter called “artificial ticket office”. So, Feng decided to start a column called “Railway English” on his Sina Weibo microblog to bring attention to the incorrect translations. And it was not long before a railway bureau noticed his microblog and invited him to give a lecture. He is now a regular visitor to several bureaus for English instruction. His book, 1,000 Sentences for Passenger Service, was published in 2017. And without any promotion, the first batch of 3,000 books sold out in two weeks, purchased mainly by employees of China’s railway system. So, the publishing house soon printed 10,000 more books.

Separately, he has also helped to produce a handbook of everyday English terms for Beijingers to prepare for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. Recently, Feng visited the construction site of the new airport in Beijing, which will be a major transportation hub not only for airlines, but also for railways, metros and highways. Speaking about his visit, he says, “There is no word in English that can describe the magnificent view of this new airport. ”

Meanwhile, Feng likes offering advice to the railway authorities. And in 2013, he came up with 100 suggestions, such as developing train coaches with transparent roofs to allow for sightseeing. Feng’s Chinese wife, who he met during their doctorate studies, supports his passion and they sometimes take trains together.

According to current Chinese regulations, Feng will qualify to apply for permanent residence ( 居住权 ) in China in 2020.

“I will definitely apply for it and continue to spread the word about Chinese railway culture”, he says.

40

What do you know about David Feng?

A、He is a Swiss-born Chinese.
B、He has been doing his work related to what he studied.
C、He finds great pleasure in traveling across China.
D、He shows special interest in the structures of house in China.

41

When he first took a high-speed train in China, David Feng ______.

A、thought its high-speed rail advanced
B、found it the fastest train in the world
C、became very doubtful about its speed
D、felt tremendously proud of its people

42

For a decade, David Feng has been sparing no effort to ______.

A、explore the mysteries of China’s railway system
B、study the geographical distribution of rail stations
C、make China’s railway system known to the world
D、create opportunities to travel on high-speed trains

43

What do you learn about China’s high-speed railway from the passage?

A、It is one of the world’ s longest high-speed railways.
B、It developed at astonishing speed in nearly a decade.
C、It has formed a network connecting every major city.
D、It is one of the great modern wonders of China today.

44

David Feng’s book published in 2017 is popular mainly because ______.

A、it helps passengers to communicate in proper English
B、it helps China’s rail system follow international style
C、it helps standardize the use of English in rail services
D、it helps people to learn English while traveling by train

45

Which of the following can be the proper title for the passage?

A、Train Fan Keeps on the Move
B、Train Fan Applauds for China
C、Train Fan Helps with English
D、Train Fan Takes the Online Route

四、任务型阅读。本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分。

(六)

If you want to help reduce global warming and air pollution, one of the best things you can do is get out of your car. Walk or ride a bicycle for short trips, and take public transportation for longer ones. Either way, you will significantly reduce the amount of pollution and greenhouse gas emissions ( 排放物 ) you produce each day.

Transportation accounts for more than 30 percent of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions. According to the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), public transportation in the United States saves about 1.4 billion gallons of petrol and about 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide annually. Yet, only 14 million Americans use public transportation daily while 88 percent of all trips in the United States are made by car—and many of those cars carry only one person.

Public transportation benefits people in many ways. For example, although an increasing proportion of the oil consumed in the United States is now produced in North America, much of it still comes from overseas. Using public transportation can reduce the use of oil, which makes people less dependent on other countries in energy. Besides, riding a bus is much safer than driving an automobile, and taking the train and taking the subway are even safer. Studies have shown that people who use public transportation regularly tend to be healthier than people who don’t, because of the exercise they get from walking to and from bus stops, subway stations, their homes and offices. According to an APTA study, families that use public transportation can even reduce their household fees by $6,200 annually, more than the average U.S. household spending on food every year. 

Train systems are the most efficient ones in many ways, emitting less carbon dioxide and using less fuel per passenger than buses and cars, but they are often more expensive to be carried out.

Another promising alternative is bus rapid transit (BRT), which runs extra-long buses in special lanes. A study by the Breakthrough Technologies Institute found that a BRT system in a medium-sized U.S. city could reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 650,000 tons during a 20-year period.

If you live in an area with good public transportation, do something good for the planet today. Park your car and take the subway or the bus. If you don’t, talk to your local and federal elected officials about the benefits of it and how it may help solve some of the problems they are dealing with right now.

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五、书面表达。本大题共1小题,共10分。

(七)

请认真阅读下面的短文,按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

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【写作内容】

(1)用约30个单词写出上文概要;

(2)用约120个单词简要分析一下图书馆受欢迎的原因,并对图书馆的未来发展提出合理的建议。

【写作要求】

(1)写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;

(2)作文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称;

(3)不必写标题。

,